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Publications

Read our latest research

 

Peer-reviewed articles 

Articles published by LSE GSU staff in external outlets

ARTICLES VERTICAL1

Sustainable banking and trust in the global South

by Fernando Ubeda, Alvaro Mendez & Francisco Javier Forcadell (2024)

Global Policy, 15 (Suppl. 1), 34–44

ARTICLES VERTICAL1

How socially sustainable multinational banks promote financial inclusion in developing countries

by Fernando Ubeda, Alvaro Mendez, Francisco Javier Forcadell, & Belén López (2024)

Research in International Business and Finance, 71, 102470

ARTICLES VERTICAL1

Etat des lieux de la présence chinoise en Amérique latine et aux Caraïbes

by A. Mendez and G. Estrada (2023)

Sciences Po Observatoire stratégique de l’Amérique latine, notes d'analyse

ARTICLES VERTICAL1

Turkey and African agency: the role of Islam and commercialism in Turkey's Africa policy

by Buğra Süsler and Chris Alden (2022). 

The Journal of Modern African Studies, 60(4), 597-617

ARTICLES VERTICAL1

Visceral politics and its impact on US foreign policy decision-making

by D.P. Houghton and A. Mendez (2023)

Foreign Policy Analysis, Volume 19, Issue 1

ARTICLES VERTICAL1

The firm under the spotlight: How stakeholder scrutiny shapes corporate social responsibility and its influence on performance

by F. J. Forcadell, A. Lorena, and E. Aracil

Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management pp 1-15

ARTICLES VERTICAL1

Latin America in/and the AIIB: a constructivist analysis

by M. Turzi and A. Mendez (2022)

Vestnik RUDN. International Relations, Volume 22, No. 3, pp. 478-494

ARTICLES VERTICAL1

The sustainable practices of multinational banks as drivers of financial inclusion in developing countries

by F. Ubeda, A. Mendez, and F.J Forcadell (2022)

Finance Research Letters (JIF=9.848)

ARTICLES VERTICAL1

Russia–Ukraine crisis: China’s Belt Road Initiative at the crossroads

by A. Mendez,  F.J. Forcadell, and K. Horiachko (2022)

Asian Business & Management, Volume 21, pp. 488–496 JIF=4.13

ARTICLES VERTICAL1

Chinese institutions and international expansion within the Belt and Road Initiative: firm capabilities of Chinese companies in the European Union

by M. Altamira, G. Fornes, and A. Mendez (2022)

Asia Pacific Business Review, Special Issue (The Chinese Belt and Road Initiative: Strategic Responses of Governments and Multinational Companies) JIF=2.011

ARTICLES VERTICAL1

How sustainable banking fosters the SDG 10 in weak institutional environments

by F. Ubeda, F. J. Forcadell, E. Aracil and A. Méndez (2022)

Journal of Business Research, Vol 146, pp. 277-287 JIF=10.969

ARTICLES VERTICAL1

The Dynamics of Governance and Sustainable Development Goals in the Global South

by H. Liu, C. Lee, and C. Alden (2022)

Global Policy Special Issue 2022 JIF=2.375

ARTICLES VERTICAL1

Fitting China in: local elite collusion and contestation along Kenya’s Standard Gauge Railway

by C. Alden, and O. M. Otele (2022)

African Affairs, Vol 121, Issue 484, pp. 443–466 JIF=3.017

ARTICLES VERTICAL1

Sustainable Banking in the Global South

by A. Mendez, F. J.  Forcadell, and.  F. Ubeda (2021)

Digital Economy and Innovation, Vol 1, No 1

ARTICLES VERTICAL1

Chinese transnational criminal organisations and the illegal wildlife trade in Tanzania

by C. Alden and R. Harvey (2021)

The European Review of Organised Crime, Vol 5, No 1, pp 10-35 

ARTICLES VERTICAL1

China in Panama: From peripheral diplomacy to grand strategy

by A. Mendez and C. Alden (2021)

Geopolitics, Vol 26, Issue 3, pp 838-860 JIF=2.872

ARTICLES VERTICAL1

Mañana Today: A Long View of Economic Value Creation in Latin America

by Enrique R García and Álvaro Mendez (2021)

Global Policy, 12(3), 410-413

ARTICLES VERTICAL1

Outlining African Agency Against the Background of the Belt and Road Initiative

by Cobus van Staden, Chris Alden and Yu-Shan Wu (2020)

African Studies Quarterly, Special Issue: China-Africa Relations: The Belt and Road Initiative and Its Impact on Africa 

ARTICLES VERTICAL1

Enlisting the Gatekeeper: Chain-Referral and Elite Access in Foreign Policy Analysis

by Alvaro Mendez (2020)

SAGE Research Methods Cases, Part 1

ARTICLES VERTICAL1

Sustainable Banking: The Role of Multilateral Development Banks as Norm Entrepreneurs

by Alvaro Mendez and David Patrick Houghton (2020)

Sustainability, 12(972), 1-20

ARTICLES VERTICAL1

Foreign Policy Analysis and the study of Indian foreign policy: a pathway for theoretical innovation? 

by Chris Alden and Klaus Brummer (2019)

India Review, 18(5), 471-484

ARTICLES VERTICAL1

Latin America and the AIIB: Interests and Viewpoints

by Alvaro Mendez (2019)

Global Policy, 1-6. Q3 JIF = 1.197 

ARTICLES VERTICAL1

Brave new world: debt, industrialization and security in China–Africa relations

by Chris Alden & Jiang Lu (2019)

International Affairs, 95(3), 641-657. Q1
JIF = 3.74

ARTICLES VERTICAL1

Emerging Powers and Africa: From Development to Geopolitics

by Chris Alden (2019)

IAI Papers, 19(23), 1-15.

ARTICLES VERTICAL1

Global Governance in Foreign Policy  

Author:

Dr Álvaro Méndez, Senior research fellow and co-founder of the LSE Global South Unit. 

Jul–Sep 2017

ARTICLES VERTICAL1

It’s time South Africa tuned into Africa’s views about its role on the continent

Authors:

Chris Alden, Professor of International Relations, London School of Economics and Political Science.

Maxi Schoeman, Professor of International Relations and Deputy Dean: Postgraduate Studies, Faculty of Humanities, University of Pretoria.

Asnake Kefale, Assistant Professor, Political Science and International Relations, Addis Ababa University

2017

ARTICLES VERTICAL1

African countries square up for battle over future of ivory trade ban

Authors: 

Chris Alden, Professor of International Relations, London School of Economics and Political Science

Ross Harvey, Senior Researcher in Natural Resource Governance (Africa), South African Institute of International Affairs

2016

 

Authored books, edited books and book chapters

Authored books and edited books

CA-AM-china-latin-america

China and Latin America: Development, Agency and Geopolitics

by C. Alden, and A. Mendez
Bloomsbury, 2023

In this detailed and up-to-the-minute investigation, Chris Alden, author of the critically acclaimed China in Africa, and Alvaro Mendez, leading expert in the international relations of Latin America, look at the interests, strategies and practices of China's incoming power. What can be learned by comparing Latin America with other developing regions in which China has had significant economic ties and a growing diplomatic stake? Does Beijing's approach to Latin America really differ, as is often claimed by Chinese leaders, from its approach to Africa? And more broadly, how should we read the curious and uneven decline of both the US and Europe as actors in the region?

 

CA-south-africa-china-relations

South Africa–China Relations: A Partnership of Paradoxes

by C. Alden, and YS. Wu
Springer, 2021

Involves predominantly South African authors with knowledge and expertise on the topic of relations with China, allowing them to better interact with a local and African audience

Links societal and economic levels, seeking to merge the policymaking space with concerns of everyday citizens

Considers contemporary debates, trends and questions, such as the 2018 launch of the suspension bridge between South Africa and Mozambique that was built and funded by Chinese investment.

 

new-diplomatic-relations-between-panama-and-china-GSU

New diplomatic relations between Panama and China: geopolitical and socioeconomic implications

By L.C. Herrera, M. Montenegro, C. Alden, A. Mendez, V. Torres–Lista

Since Panama established diplomatic relations with China in June 2017, the two countries have developed a fairly strong diplomatic relationship. This edited book by scholars in Panama and in the UK explores the geopolitical and socioeconomic implications of the bilateral agenda. It analyses China’s efforts to recruit the global South, including Panama, into its ambitious Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). It also uniquely provides a comparative chapter of Costa Rica, Argentina, Malaysia and Djibouti and their complex relationship with Beijing.

 

political-economy-China-Latin-America-relations-bookcover

The Political Economy of China-Latin America Relations

by Alvaro Mendez and Mariano Turzi
Palgrave Macmillan, 2020

The book explores the ways in which Latin American states are capitalizing or failing to capitalize on the initiatives of China in world affairs. The authors hypothesize that a dearth of regional agency and social construction, and a consequent institutional deficit in foreign relations, characterizes Latin America and its inadequate reaction to Chinese agency. 

 

new-directions-in-africa-china-studies-bookcover

New directions in Africa-China Studies

by Chris Alden & Daniel Large (Eds.)
Abingdon, UK: Routledge, 2019

Interest in China and Africa is growing exponentially. Taking a step back from the ‘events-driven’ reactions characterizing much coverage, this timely book reflects more deeply on questions concerning how this subject has been, is being and can be studied.

It offers a comprehensive, multi-disciplinary and authoritative contribution to Africa–China studies. Its diverse chapters explore key current research themes and debates, such as agency, media, race, ivory, development or security, using a variety of case studies from Benin, Kenya and Tanzania, to Angola, Mozambique and Mauritius. Looking back, it explores the evolution of studies about Africa and China. Looking forward, it explores alternative, future possibilities for a complex and constantly evolving subject.

 

new-development-assistance-bookcover

New Development Assistance: Emerging Economies and the New Landscape of Development Assistance.

by Yijia Jing, Alvaro Mendez & Yu Zheng (Eds.)
Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan, 2020

This book explores the changing face of development assistance. China's One Belt, One Road development program is the largest international investment scheme in history, surpassing the Marshall Plan by an order of magnitude. In 2017, a group of top scholars from Fudan, the London School of Economics, and other institutions like the Institute of Development Studies, Australian National University, and World Bank gathered to share findings and ideas about the nature of New Development Assistance. A compilation of their findings, this book will be of interest to NGOs, policymakers, and academics.

 

la-conexion-china-bookcover

La Conexión China en la Política Exterior del Perú en el Siglo XXI

by Javier Alcalde, Chris Alden, Angelica Guerra & Alvaro Mendez (Eds.)
Lima, Perú: Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2019

This book brings together the contributions of speakers invited by the London School of Economics Global South Unit, the Institute of International Studies, the School of Government of the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, and the academic, diplomatic and business sectors of Peru, to the international seminar that bears the same name, held in May 2016, in Lima (Peru).

 

Books icon website

China and Africa - Building Peace and Security Cooperation on the Continent

Editors: Alden, C., Alao, A., Chun, Z., Barber, L. 

This book investigates the expanding involvement of China in security cooperation in Africa. Drawing on leading and emerging scholars in the field, the volume uses a combination of analytical insights and case studies to unpack the complexity of security challenges confronting China and the continent. It interrogates how security considerations impact upon the growing economic and social links China has developed with African states.

 

Books icon website

Foreign Policy Analysis - New approaches, 2nd Edition

By Chris AldenAmnon Aran

Building on the success of the first edition, this revised volume re-invigorates the conversation between foreign policy analysis and international relations. It opens up the discussion, situating existing debates in foreign policy in relation to contemporary concerns in international relations, and provides a concise and accessible account of key areas in foreign policy analysis that are often ignored. Focusing on how foreign policy decision making affects the conduct of states in the international system, and analysing the relationship between policy, agency and actors, the volume examines:

  • foreign policy and bureaucracies
  • domestic sources of foreign policy
  • foreign policy and the state
  • foreign policy and globalization
  • foreign policy and change.

This second edition builds on and expands the theoretical canvas of foreign policy analysis, shaping its ongoing dialogue with international relations and offering an important introduction to the field. It is essential reading for all students of foreign policy and international relations.

 

Books icon website

The China-Latin America Axis: Emerging Markets and their Role in an Increasingly Globalised World

This second edition authored by Dr Álvaro Méndez and Dr Gastón Fornes explores and accounts for the many changes in the emerging markets of China and the Latin American countries since 2011. Taking account of the major developments such as the rapid expansion of the Chinese state and the ongoing effects of the world recession, the authors will present up-to-date case studies and data on both Chinese and Latin American companies, including updates on those included in the first edition and presenting new innovative start-ups. Including an international relations perspective alongside business strategy and global markets, The China-Latin America Axis 2nd edition presents the drastic changes in the globalized economy in the past 5 years. 

 

Books icon website

Colombian Agency and the making of US Foreign Policy: Intervention by Invitation

This book authored by Dr Álvaro Méndez studies a significant event in US relations with Latin America, shedding light on the role of dependent states and their foreign policy agency in the process by which local concerns become intertwined with the dominant state’s foreign policy. Plan Colombia was a large-scale foreign aid programme through which the US intervened in the internal affairs of Colombia, by invitation. It proved to be one of the major successes of US foreign policy, and has been credited with stemming a potentially catastrophic security failure of the Colombian state.

 

Books icon website

China and  Mozambique: From Comrades to Capitalists

New Edited volume by Dr Chris Alden and Dr Sergio Chichava, "China and Mozambique drills down into the heart of a relationship whose growing depth and complexity exposes key themes that will affect Africa’s future development."

 

Books icon website

Mercenaries, Hybrid Armies and National Security

This book, authored by Dr Caroline Varin, assesses the use of ‘mercenaries’ by states, and their integration into the national armed forces as part of a new hybridisation trend of contemporary armies in the 'Global South' as well as in Western societies. 

Book Chapters

2023

great-power-competition-vol-5 Cover

Russia’s Backyard: China and Central Asia after the Invasion of Ukraine

by A. Mendez

in The Great Power Competition Volume 5, Springer, 2023, pp199-216


 

2022

AM-America-Latina

China and Latin America: Diplomacy, Trade and Geopolitics (translated from Spanish)

by A. Mendez and F.J. Forcadell

in América Latina: Mirar al futuro
Fundacion Felipe Gonzales (2022)


 

2021

AM-china-latin-america-caribbean

Geopolitics in Central America: China and El Salvador in the 21st century

by A. Mendez

in China-Latin America and the Caribbean: Assessment and Outlook, Taylor and Francis, 2021, pp 207-221


 

 

CA-south-africa-china-relations

The drive for Chinese investments in agriculture: comparing South Africa to the continent

by A. Harding, L. Jiang, W. Anseeuw, C Alden

in South Africa–China Relations: A Partnership of Paradoxes, Palgrave Macmillan, 2021, pp179-198


 

 

CA-south-africa-china-relations

Leadership, Global Agendas and Domestic Determinants of South Africa’s Foreign Policy Towards China: The Zuma and Ramaphosa Years

by C. Alden, YS. Wu

in South Africa–China Relations: A Partnership of Paradoxes, Palgrave Macmillan, 2021, pp37-63


 

2019

new-directions-in-africa-china-studies-bookcover

Studying China-Africa/Africa-China Relations

by Chris Alden, & Daniel Large

In Chris Alden & Daniel Large (Eds.), New directions in Africa-China Studies (pp. 3-36). Abingdon, UK: Routledge, 2019.


 

new-development-assistance-bookcover

The Western Way of Development: A Critical Review

by Chris Alden, Daniel Large & Alvaro Mendez

In Yijia Jing, Alvaro Mendez, & Yu Zheng (Eds.), New Development Assistance: Emerging Economies and the New Landscape of Development Assistance (pp. 19-38). Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan, 2019


 

new-development-assistance-bookcover

New Development Assistance in the Making: An Introduction

by Yijia Jing, Alvaro Mendez & Yu Zheng

In Yijia Jing, Alvaro Mendez, & Yu Zheng (Eds.), New Development Assistance: Emerging Economies and the New Landscape of Development Assistance (pp. 1-18). Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan, 2019


 

la-conexion-china-bookcover

Introducción: Análisis de la Política Exterior de Perú hacia China en el siglo XXI

by Alvaro Mendez, Javier Alcalde & Chris Alden

In Javier Alcalde, Chris Alden, Angelica Guerra-Baron, & Alvaro Mendez (Eds.), La Conexión China en la Política Exterior del Perú en el siglo XXI (pp. 13-24). Lima, Perú: Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2019


 

la-conexion-china-bookcover

Perú, China y la nueva multipolaridad – navegar en la política internacional en tiempos inciertos

by Chris Alden & Alvaro Mendez

In Javier Alcalde, Chris Alden, Angelica Guerra-Baron, & Alvaro Mendez (Eds.), La Conexión China en la Política Exterior del Perú en el siglo XXI (pp. 278-307). Lima, Perú: Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2019


 

china-africa-economic-transformation

Evolving Debates and Outlooks on China-Africa Economic Ties

by C. Alden

In A. Oqubay & J. Y. Lin (Eds.), China-Africa and an Economic Transformation (pp. 84-97). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2019


 

 

Working Papers

The LSE Global South Unit Working Paper Series showcases research conducted by GSU staff and other academics working on the topic of the emergence of the 'Global South'.

Working Paper Series

2024

WORKING PAPER SERIES

Crisis of democracy: beyond malaise and autocratization

by Gaspardo Murilo 

LSE GSU Working Paper  Vol 10 No 2

WORKING PAPER SERIES

Is Mexico replacing China in US supply chains? 

by Hanzhen Ouyang and Shuo Shi

LSE GSU Working Paper  Vol 10 No 1

 

2023

WORKING PAPER SERIES

Global Megatrends That Challenge Latin America

by G. Fernandez de Soto and A. Rugeles

LSE GSU Working Paper Vol 9, No 3

WORKING PAPER SERIES

Sustainability and Trust: Financial Inclusion in the Global South

by F. Ubeda, A. Méndez, and F. J. Forcadell

LSE GSU Working Paper Vol 9, No 2

 

2022

WORKING PAPER SERIES

The Sustainable Practices of Multinational Banks as Drivers of Financial Inclusion in Developing Countries

by F. Ubeda, A. Méndez, and F. J. Forcadell

LSE GSU Working Paper Vol 8, No 1

 

2021

 

2020

WORKING PAPER SERIES

The diplomatic context between China and Panama and their agreements

by Luis Carlos Herrera, Markelda Montenegro and Virginia Torres-Lista

Working Paper 03/2020

 

2019

WORKING PAPER SERIES

Myths of Multipolarity: The sources of Brazilian Overexpansion

by Luis L Schenoni, Dawisson Belém Lopes, and Guilherme Casarões

LSE Global South Unit Working Paper Series
edited by Alvaro Mendez and Chris Alden
UK: LSE IDEAS, 2019

 

2018

 

2017

 

2016

WORKING PAPER SERIES

'Early Lessons from the Colombian Peace Process'

by Andrés Ucrós Maldonado.

WPS 01-2016.

 

2015

WORKING PAPER SERIES

'The Origins of Nuclear Cooperation between Brazil and Argentina

by Matias Spektor.

WPS 04-2015.

 

 

WORKING PAPER SERIES

'A comparative study of foreign economic policies: The CIVETS countries

by Angélica Guerra-Barón and Álvaro Méndez.

WPS 03-2015.

 

 

 

2014

WORKING PAPER SERIES

'Strategies and Counter-strategies: China in the Andean Region of South America'  

by  Ádam Chimienti and Benjamin Creutzfeldt.

WPS 01-2014.

 

Call for papers

The Global South Unit is now soliciting submissions for its Working Paper Series. We welcome research manuscripts of the standard of quality expected of submissions to academic journals or academic book chapters.

All manuscripts must be original scholarly efforts which make a substantive contribution to scientific knowledge concerning the following subjects:

  1. South-South cooperation.
  2. Latin America in a global context.
  3. Emergence of China in the South.
  4. Foreign Policies of the South.
  5. Regionalism and the South.

Authorship of papers is not limited to members of academic faculties; practitioners and independent researchers are also encouraged to apply. Submissions must conform to the following format requirements:

  1. APA 6th edition citation style must be used, along with the full list of references.
  2. The file format must be Microsoft Word (and not .pdf).
  3. A title page must include, in addition to the title, the names of the author(s), an address for correspondence, an abstract with keywords, and the month and year of submission.
  4. Line spacing must be 1.5, margins 1”, and the text justified.
  5. A word limit of 4,000 must be observed.

Submit to Dr Alvaro Mendez  a.mendez@lse.ac.uk or to gsu@lse.ac.uk.

The Global South Unit’s decisions to publish on its website are final.

All work published in the working paper series remain the property of the author. 

Commentary and Blogposts

Commentary and Blogposts from the GSU

GS

Tit-for-Tat Diplomacy: Will Brazil Join China’s Belt and Road Initiative?

A. Mendez and C. Alden (2024)

China Global South Project

GS

China plays geopolitical chess game in Latin America

A. Rugeles and A. Mendez (2023)

El País

GS

China y el ajedrez geopolítico de América Latina

A. Rugeles and A. Mendez (2023)

El País

GS

China’s Free Trade Agreements in the Global South: Quito and Beijing

A. Mendez and C. Alden (2023)

China Global South Project

GS

China’s Overseas Fishing Fleet and the Global South

C. Alden and S. Chichava (2022)

China Global South Project

GS

The New Development Bank and Uruguay: a win-win deal

A. Mendez (2022)

Global Policy Journal

GS

Beijing and Taipei: the Latin American geopolitical connection

A. Mendez (2021)

China Global South Project

GS

China’s vaccine diplomacy: soft power lessons from Latin America

A. Mendez (2021)

China Global South Project

 

GS

China-Driven Port Development: Lessons from Kenya and Malaysia

C. Alden, S Chichava, L. Jiang, B. Murg, G. Lim, and Y.S. Wu (2021)

South African Institute of International Affairs Policy Briefing

GS

Autocratic entrenchment as the world turns a blind eye towards Zimbabwe

R. Harvey and C. Alden (2020)

LSE International Relations blog

 

Policy Brief

The LSE Global South Unit Policy Briefs Series showcases expert analysis conducted by GSU staff, and other academics and political experts working on the topic of the emergence of the 'Global South'.

Policy Brief Series

POLICY BRIEF SERIES

Navigating Argentina's BRICS Entry: between domestic dynamics and geopolitical Implications

By Ariel González Levaggi and Tomás Múgica

PBS 02-2023

October 2023

POLICY BRIEF SERIES

Towards a consensus of the Global South

By Andrés Rugeles

PBS 01-2023

July 2023

POLICY BRIEF SERIES

The discrete role of Latin America in the globalization process

By Iliana Olivié and Manuel Gracía.

PBS 01-2018

December 2017

POLICY BRIEF SERIES

The Long Crisis Facing Emerging Markets: A Roadmap for Policy Reforms.

by Rajiv Biswas and Álvaro Méndez 

PBS 01-2016

January 2016

If you wish to submit a paper to be considered for publication, please contact us by email: gsu@lse.ac.uk